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Triangulation of epidemiological evidence and risk of bias evaluation: A proposed framework and applied example using formaldehyde exposure and risk of myeloid leukemias

Keywords: Triangulation, Risk of bias, Evidence synthesis, Formaldehyde, Myeloid leukemia

Authors: Lauer D, Russell A, Lynch H, Thompson W, Mundt K, Checkoway H

Evidence triangulation may help identify the impact of study design elements on study findings and to tease out biased results when evaluating potential causal relationships; however, methods for triangulating epidemiologic evidence are evolving and have not been standardized. 

Foundation for Chemistry Research & Initiatives

The Foundation for Chemistry Research and Initiatives (Foundation), is a 501(c)(3) tax-exempt organization established by the American Chemistry Council (ACC). Through partnerships with academia, research institutions, governmental and non-governmental organizations, and private corporations, the Foundation supports scientific research on various chemistries; the development of training programs for the safe use and application of products; and programs demonstrating chemistry’s contribution and benefits to society.

The Foundation was established in 1995 as the Research Foundation for Health and Environmental Effects (RFHEE).